上帝之光:当人类第一次拥有操纵大脑的能力

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一道电流,把病人从死亡边缘拉回,也抹去了他记忆中亲人的模样。精神科医生戴塞罗思不甘心:能否在大脑亿万个神经元中,精准找出并修复那些调控情绪的细胞?二十多年后,他用一束光给出了回答。 2026年,诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予德国科学家黑格曼、内格尔与戴塞罗思。前两位在绿藻中发现了感光蛋白,戴塞罗思把它引入脑内,开创了用光控制神经元的光遗传学。 参考文献: [1] 卡尔·戴瑟罗思. 照亮破碎之心[M/OL]. 湖南文艺出版社, 2024. [2] NAGEL G, SZELLAS T, HUHN W, et al., Channelrhodopsin-2, a directly light-gated cation-selective membrane channel[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2003, 100(24): 13940-13945. [3] BOYDEN E S, ZHANG F, BAMBERG E, et al., Millisecond-timescale, genetically targeted optical control of neural activity[J]. Nature Neuroscience, 2005, 8(9): 1263-1268. [4] BOYDEN E S. A history of optogenetics: the development of tools for controlling brain circuits with light[J]. F1000 biology reports, 2011, 3: 11. [5] KOELBL H. Fascination of Science: 60 Encounters with Pioneering Researchers of Our Time[M/OL]. The MIT Press, 2023. [6] FELIX-ORTIZ A C, BURGOS-ROBLES A, BHAGAT N D, et al., Bidirectional modulation of anxiety-related and social behaviors by amygdala projections to the medial prefrontal cortex[J]. Neuroscience, 2016, 321: 197-209. [7] REDONDO R L, KIM J, ARONS A L, et al., Bidirectional switch of the valence associated with a hippocampal contextual memory engram[J]. Nature, 2014, 513(7518): 426-430. [8] SAHEL J A, BOULANGER-SCEMAMA E, PAGOT C, et al., Partial recovery of visual function in a blind patient after optogenetic therapy[J]. Nature Medicine, 2021, 27(7): 1223-1229. [9] WARDEN M R, SELIMBEYOGLU A, MIRZABEKOV J J, et al., A prefrontal cortex-brainstem neuronal projection that controls response to behavioural challenge[J]. Nature, 2012, 492(7429): 428-432. [10] VESUNA S, KAUVAR I V, RICHMAN E, et al., Deep posteromedial cortical rhythm in dissociation[J]. Nature, 2020, 586(7827): 87-94. (篇幅所限,部分参考文献未列出)
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上帝之光:当人类第一次拥有操纵大脑的能力
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