1934与1938,两届二战前夜的世界杯,记录下的不只是足球胜负。墨索里尼的宣传机器、德奥合并后的奥地利队消失、意大利"黑衣球队"登场,都让世界杯成为时代阴影的一部分。本期聊聊世界杯历史上被政治与战争左右的两届赛事,也是我认为足球的“最大悲剧”。
参考文献&材料:
RSSSF, World Cup 1934 Finals
RSSSF, World Cup 1938
RSSSF, World Cup 1938 Qualifying
FIFA, Football Unites the World
Sky HISTORY, 1934 World Cup: How Mussolini Turned Football into Fascist Propaganda
UEFA, 1934: Mussolini Pulls the Levers
Simon Martin, World Cup Stunning Moments: Mussolini’s Blackshirts’ 1938 Win, The Guardian
Simon Martin, Football, Fascism and Fandom in Modern Italy
History.com, World Cup 1938: When Nazi Germany Forced Austrians to Play For Them—And Lost
These Football Times, How Austria’s Wunderteam Defied the Nazis for One Last Act of Greatness
The Guardian, The Paper Man: Life and Death of a Footballer
United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, 1938: Key Dates
BGM:
《青年》(Giovinezza)
《神射手部队进行曲》
《德意志之歌》钢琴版(hellohjzx 发布演奏版)
《桑塔露琪亚》古典吉他版(任磊 发布演奏版)
《啊朋友再见》演奏版(隐山琴坊 发布演奏版)