Unit 1 Discovering yourself

The integrated course

1-1 Active reading 1

Pre-reading activities 1

01、A: I think the main worries of a final-year student in the US would be passing their final exams, and thinking about a job for the future.B: Yes, I think final-year college students all over the world have similar worries. I also think the US student would be sad to say goodbye to all their college friends. The US is a very mobile society, and people travel right across the country to find work after they graduate.A: True. What about finding a partner to spend the rest of their life with?B: I think it's too early to worry about something like that! Surely you need to establish a career first.A: Yes, I agree.

Pre-reading activities 2

01、The last year will be different from earlier years because it is our make-or-break year. It is also the year that marks our transition to the adult world. Most of us will stop being students and will seek work after our final undergraduate year. 02、I'm not very sure at all, to be honest. But it's too late now, isn't it? 03、My family is likely to be concerned about my future. 04、I will turn to my father for advice. I have a good relationship with him and I treasure his advice.

Text

Vocabulary

Exercises 1

01、C

Exercises 2

01、B 02、C 03、C 04、D 05、C 06、A

Exercises 3

01、attendance 02、ambitious 03、productive 04、resistance 05、script 06、acceptance

Exercises 4

01、mortgage 02、deck 03、surf 04、coastal 05、defy 06、clamped 07、criticized 08、hauled 09、preceding

Exercises 5

01、B 02、A 03、B 04、B 05、B 06、B 07、A 08、B 09、B

1-2 Active reading 2

Pre-reading activities1

01、G

Pre-reading activities 2

01、C 02、D 03、B

Text

Vocabulary

Exercises 1

01、C

Exercises 2

01、elapsed 02、cemetery 03、rear 04、crammed 05、triple 06、budding 07、biography 08、finite 09、dwellers 10、invest 11、skip 12、inevitable

Exercises 3

01、A 02、B 03、A 04、A 05、A 06、B 07、A 08、A

Exercises 4

01、A 02、B 03、B 04、A 05、A 06、B 07、B 08、B 09、A

1-3 Language in use

Grammar & structure 1

01、a late-night party 02、a well-stocked library 03、a world-famous professor 04、some well-timed advice 05、a rapidly-growing population 06、a free-market economy 07、a half-hour boat trip

Grammar & structure 2

01、It's how we behave that determines what other people think of us. 02、It's what our character is that usually determines what sort of job we are going to end up doing. 03、It isn't always what marks we get at university that determines what we do as a career. 04、It is often what we experienced in our childhood that determines how we react to life's problems. 05、It's what our genetic clock is and what changes we make to it that determine when we die.

Grammar & structure 3

01、It wasn't just that the shops were all closed for Thanksgiving, but there was no one in the streets. 02、It wasn't just that she spent all her time at college going to parties, but she managed to gain a first-class degree. 03、It wasn't just that they weren't listening to what he said, but it seemed as if they weren't at all interested. 04、It wasn't just that I was upset, but I felt as if I was going to burst out crying. 05、It wasn't just that the Grim Reaper was intended to frighten people, but it was also a figure of fun.

Collocations

01、(a) On the surfaces that aren't used very often or aren't cleaned. 02、(b) Yes, it is, because the disagreement is solved and each party is satisfied with the outcome. 03、(c) Nothing, because we have paid everything that is owed. 04、(d) We relax in a comfortable chair and enjoy it. 05、(a) No, because the sea is calm. We will feel seasick if it is rough. 06、(b) No, because the changeover has gone well, without difficulties. 07、(c) Not necessarily, because some people who talk confidently like that do so to trick you, like a confidence trickster or conman. 08、(a) We say "no", because we are refusing it. 09、(b) We should say "I apologize" or "I'm sorry". 10、(c) In a shop, because a shop is likely to offer a special price or reduction for something. 11、(d) They are intelligent, talented, gifted or creative and they will bring these kinds of qualities to their work. 12、(a) No, we will remember it and consider it for a particular occasion in future. 13、(b) We look similar in certain physical features. 14、(c) I can't bear to think too much about some of the problems in the world, such as famine, war and poverty. With all the powers of the modern world at our disposal, why can't we just solve them? 15、(a) No, not easily. They refuse to accept the idea, maybe because it's just a bad idea, or they may change their mind if they understand it better. 16、(b) The soldiers met opposition from those they were fighting against. 17、(c) Yes, we can keep ourselves as healthy as possible with a good diet and enough exercise so that we are less likely to catch a cold, or if we do get one, we won't suffer so badly.

Translation 1

01、美国国家教育统计中心的数据表明，大约80%的美国大学生至少要换一次专业。有些学生上大学时就读父母或亲戚为他们选择的专业。在大多数情况下，这些学生难以做出决定，因为他们不知道在决定变换被规划好的职业的时候该如何面对自己的亲人。有些学生决定转专业是因为他们无法应付所学专业的基础课，而另一些学生则是因为他们实在厌恶所学的专业，必须换一个自己真正喜欢的专业。专家认为，意识到所学专业不适合自己的技能和天赋没什么错。实际上，能意识到这一点是成熟的标志。重要的是找到一个真正适合你的专业。在转专业之前，你需要见学业导师，跟教授或专业人员谈谈，做一些调查，问自己几个严肃的问题，看看你的选择是否正确。

Translation 2

01、As the Chinese saying goes, it is important to know oneself. The first person to put forward this notion was Laozi, who wrote in his book Dao De Jing: "A person who knows others is intelligent, but a person who knows himself is insightful." To know oneself is to have a correct understanding of oneself, including one's strengths and limitations, and to be clear-minded about what one can do. We cherish this virtue so much precisely because it is really hard for people to know themselves. Knowing oneself is both part of a philosophy of life and a virtue that can facilitate self-improvement and attainment of a higher life goal.

1-4 Reading across cultures

Text

Vocabulary

Exercises 1

01、He said it was "one damned thing after another". 02、Seven ages. 03、It is a formal recognition of change, a move from one stage of life to another. 04、It is a rite of passage which means that they become responsible for their own actions. 05、They wear formal clothes. 06、They penetrate the heart of aboriginal culture and also discover themselves. 07、They spend about six months walking alone through the wilderness and follow the pathsof their ancestors along the "songlines". 08、It is the oldest continuous culture in the world.

Exercises 2

01、One of them takes place a full year after a baby has been born. There is a banquet whenpeople give gifts and celebrate the birthday. People used to place some objects in front ofthe baby and would tell the baby's fortune according to which object the baby picked up. 02、The origins are generally a mixture of traditional folk customs and religion. Sometraditional rites of passage may be regarded as superstitions now but others are stillcommon practice. 03、For example: In traditional marriages in some areas of China, after a decision to get married, thegroom's family was expected to give gifts of food and money to the bride's family. On the wedding day, the bride performed ceremonies for her ancestors and wassupposed to cry to show her appreciation for her parents' care and to show thatshe did not want to leave her parents' home. She wore red and, accompanied by aprocession of musicians, was carried in a sedan chair to the groom's house, bringingher dowry, bedding, and clothes. The groom would welcome her and lift the red veil covering her head with an arm of a steelyard. He might give money to the bridesmaidsto release the bride. The grooms family started the ceremony by showing respect tothe bride's family and their ancestors. Later, there was a banquet held by the groom'sfamily. Some days after the wedding, the bride would visit her parents, dressed in red to showher new status; the groom would send gifts to his parents-in-law. 04、When it is time to leave school or university in China, there are normally parties tocelebrate the successful conclusion of studies and to say goodbye to classmates.Graduation ceremonies, when students wear special caps and gowns, are also common. 05、The parties are usually informal and organized by students themselves. Graduationceremonies, by contrast, are very formal occasions. 06、Some traditional customs for marriages and funerals continue and are an important partof Chinese culture. Some others are obsolete or greatly modified, eg the traditional ritesin the examination halls of ancient times have disappeared.

1-5 Guided writing

Writing skills

Writing task 1

01、B 02、C 03、A 04、A 05、A 06、B

Writing task 2

01、The writer uses a quotation and asks two questions about life to introduce the topic of rites of passage. The idea of life stages is introduced in the second paragraph by quoting famous lines from a play by Shakespeare. 02、It takes two out of five paragraphs. 03、It's defined in the third paragraph, after the reference to Shakespeare's idea of seven stages. 04、There are three examples: bar mitzvahs, American proms, and walkabouts of Australian aborigines. 05、Three out of five paragraphs. This might seem a lot, but without the examples the definition doesn't mean very much to most people. 06、It concludes with a final thought from the third example. This thought about "discovering yourself through a rite of passage" applies to all of the examples and makes a good conclusion.

Writing task 3

01、A rite of passage: the "thorny gates" of exams From the Sui and Tang dynasties until the end of the Qing period, examinations in China were rites of passage that could lead to success in the form of civil service employment, status, wealth and power. Because of the arduous nature of the exams, they were often known as the "thorny gates". With variations at different times, exams marked the transition from study to work, or stage-by-stage progression from local to provincial to metropolitan and national levels. There were rituals for candidates to prepare for these important exams. With their teachers, students had read, recited, and memorized the classics, and learned to write particular kinds of poems and essays by strictly using a particular script, writing special texts and counting the exact number of lines and characters. Depending on the level, this could take many years. At the examination halls there were special rituals to take the exams. Guarded by soldiers, candidates waited in line at dawn for their names to be called. They bowed to the examiners and were searched to make sure they had only brushes and ink with them. They were given a place to sit in a small hut where they read the questions and wrote their answers for perhaps three days, talking to no one. None of them was allowed to leave until the exam was over. The examiners had to go through similar hardships to mark the papers. There were further rituals to announce the results. Candidates would gather outside the exam halls, perhaps wearing special robes, bow to the examiners, and to the sound of bells hear the announcements and receive their results, written on large sheets of paper. Later, successful scholars would have a feast to celebrate with officials and past degree holders. They put banners outside their homes and could use special titles according to their local, provincial, metropolitan or imperial exam success, and would be accepted for ever in society, with rank, status and employment. In modern China, the last such exams were held in 1905. But we still have our "thorny gates" in the form of university entrance and graduation exams. Even English tests can be thorny for some of us! Though the content is quite different and exams are on printed paper and marked electronically, we still have our rituals to prepare for exams, take them and celebrate when they are over. And the results can still set the template for success in the rest of our lives.

1-6 Unit test

选词填空

1 ingenious 2  promotion 3 surf  4 provisional  5 Chronologically  6 ambitious  7 inevitably  8 skip  9 impromptu  10 resistance  11 untimely  12 defy  13 permanently  14 attendance  15 prologue  16 allot  17 acceptance  18 uncertainty  19 productive  20 humiliation

单词填空

1 on 2 out 3 for 4 to 5 about 6 in 7 of 8 at 9 out 10 under

选词填空

1 promotion 2 transition 3 sidelines 4 lengthy 5 rear 6 dwellers 7 mortgage 8 finite 9 budding 10 coastal

仔细阅读

1 C. Attending college 2 B. Paragraph 2 3 D. Breaking Out of my shell 4 D. He was extraordinarily nervous 5 A. Jack London wrote exciting stories

Further practice

1-1 Vocabulary

Exercises 1

01、coastline,crab,estuary,surf 02、cemetery,coffin,crypt,epitaph 03、ambitious,diligent,impressive 04、clamp,cram,crawl,haul,moor,stack

Exercises 2

01、cemetery 02、impressive 03、surf 04、coastline 05、crammed 06、diligent 07、ambitious 08、hauling 09、moored

Exercises 3

01、up 02、down 03、up 04、up 05、off 06、out 07、off 08、out 09、out 10、out

Exercises 4

01、at the back of her mind 02、give him a hand 03、follow my mother's path 04、put it on the back burner 05、bags under his eyes 06、have a shot at getting 07、get my head down 08、couldn't be bothered 09、It's down to you

Exercises 5

01、G 02、D 03、B 04、E 05、A 06、F 07、C

Exercises 6

01、when the time is right 02、now is the time 03、invest your time wisely 04、time is ticking away 05、untimely exit 06、now is the time 07、wait for the right time

Exercises 7

01、restaurants 02、motorboat 03、group 04、bowl 05、coastal 06、albums 07、activist 08、course 09、provisional

Exercises 8

01、H 02、B 03、E 04、A 05、C 06、G 07、D 08、F

Exercises 9

01、B 02、A 03、B 04、C 05、A

1-2 Structure

Exercises 1

01、It was not just that my father encouraged me to become a writer, but he paid for me to go on a writing course. 02、It's not just that our final exams are approaching, but I have no idea of what I'm going to do afterwards. 03、It's not just that we're all going to end up as dust or ash, but we never know when it's going to happen. 04、It's not just that my best friend has landed a job with a top advertising firm, but he's about to marry a very wealthy young woman. 05、"It's not just that you have the right attitude to the job, but you have the ability to go right to the top, his employer told him.

Exercises 2

01、It's what you do with your life that determines how you'll feel at the end of your life. 02、Do you agree that it's how you see yourself that determines what other people think of you? 03、Is it what your body language says rather than your words that really determines how people see you? 04、It's what you eat and how often you exercise that to some extent determines how healthy you are. 05、It's where you go to university that determines what kind of job you will get in some countries.

1-3 Reading

Reading 1-1

01、D 02、C 03、A 04、B 05、D

Reading 1-2

01、A 02、A 03、B 04、B 05、A 06、B 07、B 08、B 09、A 10、A

Reading 2-1

01、A,D,E,F,G

Reading 2-2

01、E 02、J 03、I 04、A 05、H 06、F 07、D 08、B 09、C 10、G

1-4 Integrated skills training

Exercises 1

01、Libraries which were once empty after five o'clock in the afternoon were standing room only until the early hours of the morning, and guys wore the bags under their eyes and their pale, sleepy faces with pride, like medals proving their diligence. 02、It wasn't just that they crawled into such an obvious trap, through a small hole in the lid of the basket, but it seemed as if they couldn't be bothered to crawl out again even when you took the lid off. 03、But the fact is, within the next 70 or 80 years depending on how old you are and how long you last we are all going to be either coffin dwellers or trampled ash in the rose garden of some local cemetery. 04、Your time, which is ticking away as we speak (at about 60 seconds a minute chronologically; a bit faster if you don't invest your time wisely), will be gone and you'll have nothing to show for it but regret and a rear-view mirror full of "could haves", "should haves" and "would haves". 05、I love watching people ingeniously stack the cucumber around the side of the bowl like they're filling a skip and then cramming it so high that they have to hire a forklift truck to get it back to the table.

Exercises 2

01、The quieter, less impressive students were those who often had the next stages of their lives mapped out. 02、The fact that the phenomenon of rites of passage exists in almost every society confirms that we prefer to think of life in terms of stages. 03、What fascinates me about crabs is that they're so easy to catch. 04、No surf on the coastal waters made it a smooth half-hour ride. 05、My advice is to stop waiting and meet providence halfway. 06、It seemed likely that he would end up in Congress one day.

Exercises 3

01、reaching 02、down 03、ambitious 04、time 05、nothing 06、whom 07、earning 08、What 09、choose 10、with

Exercises 4

01、从远处看去，我们知道海是什么样的：海只有一种颜色，而且是水平的，显然不能容纳像鱼这样的生物。但如果从船边往下看海，我们却能分辨出十几种颜色，还可以看到鱼儿在海中游来游去。英国人的性格就像海：沉静而平和。英国人的浪漫和敏感就像海的深邃和多样的颜色：我们并不期望看到这些东西，但它们确实存在。英国人的情感让我继续用这个比喻就像海里的鱼，它们总是试图游到海面，但却不太知道怎样才能做到。大多数情况下，我们发现它们潜得很深，看上去有点模糊、变形。有时，它们成功地游近海面，我们就大呼小叫：哎呀，原来英国人也有感情！他们居然也有喜怒哀乐！偶尔，我们也能看见美丽的生物飞鱼从水中跃起，在空气和阳光之中飞舞。英国文学就是这样一条飞鱼。它是人们日常生活的样本，在海平面之下日复一日地畅游；它证明美和情感都存在于咸咸的、不宜居住的海水中。

Exercises 5

01、The Chinese people have a character of perseverance and determination, which is embodied in their attitude towards hardships and disasters. They believe that disasters are sometimes inevitable and should therefore be faced bravely. Now that hardships and sufferings are part of life, we should accept them with a calm mind and try our best to overcome them. There is no other choice and no need to complain, for it is a part of life that we cannot evade. This is the logic and wisdom of the Chinese, and also where the power of the Chinese lies an enormous power deriving from perseverance and determination. It is this power that guarantees the Chinese to overcome difficulties one after another and grow to be a great nation.